Arthur was under the old man's power hence could not think freely.
The townspeople say Hester's A now stands for "Able"
Hester has been outcast from her society. This enables her to view her society and culture from a different viewpoint, making her realize just how backward and oppressed her world is. She is able to see that that is not how she wants to live her life, freeing her from her formed societal bonds and enabling her to think for herself.
They viewed the a as meaning "Able"
Hester's strength and ability to think outside Puritanical beliefs developed through her experiences of being shamed and ostracized, which led her to form her own understanding of morality and empathy. She also found strength in her love for her daughter, Pearl. Over time, Hester's resilience and critical thinking allowed her to challenge the strict societal norms and embrace a more compassionate and nuanced perspective on human nature.
mobility
Now that the stalker has been apprehended, the whole neighborhood can breathe freely.
adultery at first...then it later stood for able
I believe that it is supposed to be this epiphany moment where the suppression of the government is lifted now that he has escaped and he can think freely and is able to remember. I think that is about right.
Mobile is to be able to move or be moved freely or easily.
Hester becomes something of a novelty in town. Her needlework becomes sort of Puritan trendy. Her work for the poor becomes the stuff of legend around town. She sews pretty much for free. Hester takes her penance humbly which goes over well in town. Hester's "A" becomes known as "able" rather than adulterer.
catholic,cristian.
When Hester is first forced to wear the "A", it was a punishment so that all would know of her sin. The townspeople saw it as a mark of her adultery. As the years go by, Hester cares for the sick and the poor and the townspeople begin to see it as a symbol of her generosity. They begin to think of it as standing for "Able" rather than "Adulterer".