At first, there were more slave states than free states, so pro-slavery senators controlled the senate. They could reject anti-slavery judges and cabinet members and stop legislation that was against slavery. As the northern population grew, and slavery ended in several northern states, eventually there were more anti-slavery senators. This meant that the slave owners were no longer in control of the government and was one cause of the war.
to balance the power between the house and the senate
The South was concerned about maintaining the balance of power in the Senate.
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the sout's balance of power was the senate. Addition of non slaqve states would upset that balance of power
nova net: to balance power between the house and the senate
It is part of the balance of power. Each branch must check the other and this is one way the President is checked.
The admission of the last four states—California, Minnesota, Oregon, and Kansas—into the Union significantly impacted the balance of power in the Senate. California and Oregon entered as free states, while Kansas was a battleground over slavery, initially entering as a free state in 1861. This increased the representation of free states in the Senate, weakening the political power of slave states and contributing to the tensions leading up to the Civil War. Overall, the shift in Senate balance heightened the conflict between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions.
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Julius Caesar' civil war was against the senate which had ordered him to give up the command of his army. He defeated the armies of of the supporters of the senate which were initially led by Pompey. The also weakened the power of the senate and concentrated power in his hands.
Julius Caesar was never a senator. He fought a civil war against the forces of the senate and won. When he became the ruler of Rome he turned the senate into an instrument for his power. He replaced senators who died when they fought in the civil war with his supporters. He also increased the size of the senate from 600 to 900 and filled the new seats with his supporters.
The Senate provided initially the controlling body to replace the expelled kings. Originally filled by the aristocratic Patricians, it was soon by public pressure progressively infilled by Plebeian nominees, as the two retiring Consuls each year joined the Senate, and one of the consuls had to be Plebeian. Rome was ruled by a duo of Senate and Assemblies of the citizen (Centuriate, Tribal, Plebeian). The later civil civil wars depleted the Patricians and led to a virtual takeover of the Senate by the Plebs. When Augustus gained power at the end of the Civil Wars, he struck up a power-sharing arrangement with the Senate. The Assemblies of the citizens were ended, so Rome was ruled by the Senate-Emperor duumvirate.