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the dwarves were captured by thorn and the wood elves long enough for bilbo to help them escape
well
The party enters Mirkwood.
Bilbo kept from being captured by the Wood Elves in Mirkwood by using The Ring to turn himself invisible. He slipped in after the company of Elves that had captured the other members of The Company (namely, the twelve dwarves) as the Elves were escorting the dwarves into the Elven fortress.
The reason why Thorin didn't want the elvenking to know about their quest is because the wood-land elves are selfish and love gold, the dwarves are trying to get their gold back, but if the elves find out, they will want to help them, but get some of their treasure!
He doesn't. Instead, he puts on his Ring and sneaks unseen with the captive dwarves in with them.
They were tired and hungry with no food or water. At least with the elves, they were fed.Because they had lost their way in Mirkwood and were on the brink of starvation.
He was the first one to step out into the open, into the elves' light, and so the magic hit him hardest, and he fell dazed to the ground. The wood elves carried him off with them when they ran away, but the other dwarves and Bilbo were left behind.
Wood elves, high elves, dark elves, light elves.
The battle was just starting when the orcs showed up. They were the common foe of all and the elves, dwarves, and men fought against them instead of each other.
After he breaks them out of the wood elves prison ....Thorin finally admits that Gandalf was correct, and tells Bilbo he IS what Gandalf said he would be.
They are immortal.