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At any moment, several forces may act on an object. If, for example, two forces of the same magnitude act in the opposite directions, they cancel each other. To accelerate an object, a net force, or total force, different from zero, is required.

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What is needed to change an object's state of motion?

With changing the "state of motion", I assume you want to change the velocity. What you need here is a force, applied on the object. The amount of acceleration is given by Newton's Second Law.


What do you need to know to determine gravitational force?

To determine gravitational force between two objects, you need to know the masses of the objects and the distance between their centers. The formula for gravitational force is F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2, where F is the gravitational force, G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the objects, and r is the distance between their centers.


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How can one determine the net force acting on an object?

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What are the advantages and disadvantages of inertia?

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What characteristic of a planet determine the strength of its gravitational force on other objects?

The mass of the planet is all you need to know. That, along with the mass of the other object and the distance between their centers, tells you the strength of the force between them.