At any moment, several forces may act on an object. If, for example, two forces of the same magnitude act in the opposite directions, they cancel each other. To accelerate an object, a net force, or total force, different from zero, is required.
With changing the "state of motion", I assume you want to change the velocity. What you need here is a force, applied on the object. The amount of acceleration is given by Newton's Second Law.
To determine gravitational force between two objects, you need to know the masses of the objects and the distance between their centers. The formula for gravitational force is F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2, where F is the gravitational force, G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the objects, and r is the distance between their centers.
To change the speed of an object, you need to apply a force to it. The magnitude of the force and the direction in which it is applied will determine how the speed changes. If the force is in the same direction as the motion, the object will accelerate; if the force opposes the motion, the object will decelerate.
Objects at rest will not accelerate unless a force acts on them. This concept is similar to Newton's First Law of Motion, which states that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force. Both ideas emphasize the need for a force to cause a change in an object's motion.
To determine the net force acting on an object, you need to add up all the individual forces acting on the object in the same direction and subtract any forces acting in the opposite direction. The net force is the overall force that influences the object's motion.
Uniform motion in a straight line.
Motion. This is Newton's first law of motion which says: I. Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it. This basically means that an object will not move unless an outside force, such as kicking a ball, is applied. If you need more on that you can go to this website: http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/history/newton3laws.html.
If he object moves as a force is applied and the direction of the objects motion is the same as the direction of the same force.
Advantages: Inertia allows objects to maintain their state of motion or rest without the need for external forces. It helps stabilize moving objects and keeps them on their trajectory. Disadvantages: Inertia can make it difficult to change the motion of an object, requiring more force to accelerate or decelerate. Inertia can lead to accidents or injuries when objects in motion suddenly stop or change direction.
Frictionless motion describes a situation where there is no resistance or opposition to an object's movement. This can occur in idealized scenarios, such as in a vacuum or with certain lubricated surfaces, where friction is eliminated. In these cases, objects can continue moving indefinitely without the need for an external force to maintain their motion.
To change an object's velocity, you need to apply a force to it. The force will cause the object to accelerate, thus changing its velocity. The magnitude and direction of the force will determine the extent and direction of the velocity change.
The mass of the planet is all you need to know. That, along with the mass of the other object and the distance between their centers, tells you the strength of the force between them.