To create a uniform set of standards and requirements for commercial vehicle drivers nationwide.
Nowhere. You need to have a drivers licence before you can get a CDL.
You can find all requirements for CDL licenses at www.fmcsa.dot.gov. This is the government website for motor carriers, and explains all the types of licenses and what you need to do to get them.
If your suspension(s) is/are currently pending, no, you can not.
The types of driver education correspond to the types of driver's licenses. Some there is education for standard licenses, for motorcycle licenses, and CDL licenses just to name a few.
Depending on your state, there may not be any non-CDL Class A, B, and C licenses - CDLs are federally regulated... other license types are not. In states which do have that system, the weight rating equivalents are the same as they are for the corresponding class of CDL.
A CDL licenses give the driver the ability to operate 18 wheeled vehicles. CDL training schools teach their students proper driving and safety techniques before sending them out onto the road on their own.
If it's not on a for-hire basis (e.g., a transporter delivering it to a dealer), then no.
No. California does, however, have non-CDL class A and B licenses which are required for non-commercial vehicles over 26,000 GVWR.
You will need a Comercial Class Drivers License. This is usually a Class A CDL in most States. So you will need CDL training.
Yes there are sites that offer information on the cdl class B license and all the driving rules to obtain the license Look for ClassB CDL study Guide. Also Truck Driver Trading Schools even DeVry has online classes for commercial licenses.
First response vehicles are exempt from requiring a CDL under the federal guidelines. Several states and individual fire departments, however, require that firefighters who drive the vehicles obtain a CDL.
If it does not require a CDL to be driven, there are no additional requirements. Such an endorsement does not exist on US licenses.