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Operation Chastise as the dam busters raid was officially known was an attempt to disrupt the war production in the Ruhr Valley in Germany.

The Ruhr Valley was a area dedicated for a large amount of the German war production. Many large industrial towns such as Dortmund & Essen lay within the region.

Even before the war had started Bomber Command planners had recognised the dams as strategic targets because of the role they played in hydroelectric production in the region. Destroying them would severely disrupt the production of tanks and other weapon systems. Also destruction of the dams would also effect drinking water through out the western side of German as well as water for the canal network that was very important in transporting goods at the time.

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