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Actually, it is due to the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), not oxygen! Heavy breathing, hyperventilation, etc. will cause you to blow out more carbon dioxide than normal from the lungs. This leads to a shift in the blood pH to a more alkaline (basic) condition. A shift from normal blood pH can lead to dizziness or passing out. The basic chemistry: CO2 + H2O H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- (bicarbonate) Usually, the amount of CO2 exhaled is roughly equal to the amount being produced by the body's metabolism. Thus the CO2 in the blood is relative constant, and the concentration of H+ (acid ion) is constant. You can see that if you remove CO2 from the system faster than normal, then eventually the H+ concentration will go down and the system becomes more alkaline. In fact, if for some reason the blood has become more acidic than usual, the brain will try to compensate by causing the body to breath heavier and more rapidly, thus removing excess acid ion.

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Q: Why would deep or heavy breathing make a person want to pass out if he or she was actually consuming more oxygen?
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