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A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled conductors-the transformer's coils. A varying current in the first or primary winding creates a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core, and thus a varying magnetic field through the secondary winding. This varying magnetic field induces a varying electromotive force (EMF) or "voltage" in the secondary winding. This effect is called mutual induction.

Transformers depend on the changing of magnetic fields within the transformer. Direct current would cause a magnetic field to form in the primary coil, but its the change that induces the current in the secondary field. the change only occurs if an alternating current is applied.

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