Probably not. But a failed one will have an effect on the air pressure in the intake manifold and this could cause problems with high idle. Take the pipe off the intake manifold and blow down the pipe. It should be blocked. Take the pipe off the engine and blow down it and air should pass freely. Make sure the pipes are not split or leaking at the joints.
First verify that you haven't got a clogged passage in the intake. Remove the valve and start the engine. If it starts and runs (possibly at an abnormally high idle) reasonably well, the passage is clogged and must be cleaned. Otherwise, put a new EGR valve on it. The valve itselt is not repairable.
Engine running hotter then 220 degrees can cause valvetrain noise. Bad fuel can also cause valve noise / PINGING sound. Ignition timing to high / Advanced to far, can also cause engine noise.
Yes
(1) The Positive Crankcase Ventilation valve (PCV valve) might be clogged up - needs replacing. (2) If the engine is high mileage and/or has not been properly maintained, the piston rings or the piston walls may be scored and you may need an engine overhaul.
Engine overload, insufficient scavenge air (ensure blower suction filters are not clogged), also ensure no air leakage between the blower and scavenger, expanded injection nozzles, damaged or worn valves or valve seat.
Yes, the EGR valve, or port EGR
high head pressure and a higher supply temp.
Poor performance, poor economy, rough idle, lean burn causing valve or piston problems...
Several things can cause an engine to burn oil, and all of them are pretty normal in an engine with lots of miles. Oil control rings are often a problem. They are on the piston and while they can be replaced, you'd be better off buying a new engine. Other things that can cause an engine to burn oil are valve seals (common) and valve guides (uncommon). If you have a high mileage engine, I wouldn't worry unless you have a big cloud of black smoke coming out the exhaust. Best thing you can do is just check the oil often.
Typical symptoms are oil leaks due to abnormally high internal pressures forcing oil past gaskets and seals.
5000 rpm is extremely high unless you are drag racing in which case the engine is built to handle it and will be rebuilt often. otherwise white smoke usually means oil smoke, so you are pushing oil out somewhere. high rpm also means high oil pressure, how is your crankcase ventilation ,pcv valve, no ventilation will cause extra high pressure in the engine and oil could be weeping out of your oil pan gasket valve cover gaskets or engine seals.
High Oil Pressure In an engine usually comes from a clogged crank case breather, or bad oil pump.. best advise is to do a pm and hope for the best