Abrasion.
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This is called cementation.
Depends on the context. If this is a chemistry experiment it would be called a precipitate. If this is water in say a water course it would be called sediment.
Picking up sediment and moving it to another area is known as sediment transport.
It is called its porosity.
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abrasion
The material that is moved by erosion is called Sediment.
It's called transportation.
Sediment
Its deposits sediment by picking the sediment up which is called plucking.(weathering)
they are deposited by sediment
sediment load
No, the solids the water carries is the sediment.
The fluid above the sediment after centrifugation is called the supernatant.
terrigenous sediment
Yes. Glaciers carry large amounts of sediment. When that sediment is deposited it is called glacial till.