yes
yes
usually local anesthesia
A combination of inhaled anesthetic gases and intravenous drugs are usually delivered during general anesthesia; this practice is called balanced anesthesia.
Usually general anesthesia. In rare cases local anesthesia with sedation, which is less expensive but more uncomfortable.
The most commonly used gases for general anesthesia are isoflurane, desflurane, nitrous oxide, and sevoflurane. Usually the gas anesthesia is combined with intravenous anesthesia.
4910 can be painful if done without local anesthesia. However, it all depends on the patient and the practitioner. I personally try to perform perio maintenance without local anesthetic, and usually the patient is fine. Occasionally local is necessary for the patient's comfort.
Anesthesia: Partial or complete loss of sensation, with or without loss of consciousness, as a result of disease, injury, or administration of an anesthetic agent, usually by injection or inhalation.
Mediastinoscopy is usually performed in a hospital under general anesthesia.
Mediastinoscopy is usually performed in a hospital under general anesthesia. Before the general anesthesia is administered, local anesthesia is applied to the throat while an endotracheal tube is inserted.
Injecting anesthetic agents into a primary nerve located near the surgical site produces block anesthesia (also known as regional anesthesia), which is a more extensive local anesthesia. The patient remains conscious, but is usually sedated
A laminectomy is performed with the patient under general anesthesia, usually positioned lying on the side or stomach.
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