Neither. It does not form ions.
Argon is a noble gas with a full valence shell of electrons, so it does not typically gain or lose electrons. It is considered chemically inert due to its stable electron configuration.
Aluminum would lose 3 electrons to become like argon. Argon has a full valence shell with 8 electrons, so aluminum, with 3 valence electrons, would need to lose these electrons to achieve a full valence shell configuration similar to argon.
Potassium has one electron in its outer shell. It will lose this electron to achieve the noble gas electron configuration of argon in its previous full shell.
Calcium (Ca) has 20 electrons in its neutral state. To attain a noble gas electron configuration (like argon), calcium would need to lose 2 electrons to have the same electron configuration as argon, as argon has 18 electrons.
Argon is unreactive because it has a full outer electron shell, making it stable and unlikely to form chemical bonds with other elements. This full outer shell renders argon inert, as it does not need to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.
Chlorine is very reactive because it has seven electrons in its outer shell, making it highly likely to gain one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration. Argon is unreactive because it already has a full outer shell of electrons, so it does not need to gain or lose any electrons to achieve stability.
argon is in group 0 because it has on electrons to gain of lose
Argon is a neutral atom. It does not normally form cations or anions.
Potassium can lose one electron from its outer shell to achieve a stable electron configuration similar to argon. Fluorine can gain one electron to fill its outer shell and attain a stable electron configuration like neon. In both cases, the atoms are trying to achieve a full valence shell and become stable like the nearest noble gas.
gain
Gain of one electron
gain