Sugar and water are separated by crystallisation. Though there are other methods this is the easy and obvious one.
It wouldn't be a single substance, it would be a mixture.
If I was given an unknown liquid and asked to determine if it was an element, a compound, or a mixture I would heat the unknown liquid up to see if any compounds separated from the unknown liquid. After that I would get a microscope and look to see if it is a pure element. Then I would get a Platelet separation machine and put the liquid in the machine to see if the liquid separated. Thats how I would determine if the an unknown liquid is an element, a compound, or a mixture.
Filtration. :)
Silt is a mixture, not a pure substance. The density would depend on the mixture of minerals that make up the silt. Sand (quartz) has a density of about 2.5 g/cm3. If the silt is mostly sand then that would be a good approximation of the density.
Evaporation
Yes. Salad is a heterogeneous mixture. Though it uses many differnet ingredients they never combine and can be separated. An apple pie would be an homogeneous mixture because the ingredients combine when baked and can't be separated.
- Filtration is a method of separation when we want to separate solids from a liquid.- Distillation is a method of separation when we want to separate the components of a liquid mixture, relying on the differences between boiling points.
Iron can be separated with a magnet.
An example of a solution being a mixture would be muddy water or saltwater because they can be physically separated.
A liquid-liquid solution that can be separated by distillation would be alcohol and water. Water will boil at a higher temperature allowing separation.
It is possible to filter mud out of water.
The position of zero force if positive and negative charges are separated by a distance would be at half of the separation distance.