No. Your mass would remain the same but your weight would increase greatly.
If you increase the mass of the Earth and decrease the mass of the Sun, the gravitational pull between the Earth and the Sun would change. This could potentially alter the orbits of the planets in our solar system and have significant effects on the stability and dynamics of the entire system.
If one of the bodies (such as Earth or the Sun) were to move farther away from the other, the gravitational force between them would decrease. Alternatively, if one of the bodies were to lose mass, the gravitational force between them would also decrease.
An increase in the distance between Earth and the Sun would cause the gravitational force between them to decrease. Conversely, a decrease in the mass of either the Earth or the Sun would also result in a decrease in the gravitational force between them.
No. The sun is decreasing in mass (fusion) over time whereas a black hole would increase in mass over time (sucking up astroids, gas, etc). So over very long periods of time the sun's gravitational force will significantly decrease, and if it was a black hole it would increase. Increase/decrease in mass directly affects increase/decrease in gravitational force. Since gravitation (and motion) is what causes orbit, over long periods of times the planets would have very different orbits in the two scenarios (sun vs black hole).
The decrease in the Sun's mass due to nuclear fusion does not significantly affect the radius of Earth's orbit. The decrease in mass is very small compared to the Sun's total mass, so the effect on Earth's orbit is negligible. The main factors affecting Earth's orbit are gravitational interactions with other planets and the Sun's mass distribution.
you increase or decrease mass by taking the mass out
If the sun contracted to a smaller volume, its gravitational force on its surface would increase. This is because gravitational force is directly proportional to mass and inversely proportional to distance squared. As the sun contracts, its mass remains the same but the distance from its center to its surface would decrease, leading to a stronger gravitational force.
If a candy bar was cut in half the mass would decrease.
You would have to wait for 2000 years for the mass to decrease to 50 grams (one half-life) and another 2000 years to decrease to 25 grams (two half-lives). So, in total, you would have to wait 4000 years for the mass to decrease to 25 grams.
No. Assuming the sun's mass were compressed into a black hole, the sun would still have the same mass. The gravitational pull created by that mass would not be affected beyond the distance of the sun's present surface area.
The mass remains the same.
As the mass of a substance increases while its volume stays constant, its density will also increase. Conversely, if the mass of the substance stays constant while its volume increases, the density will decrease. This is because density is directly proportional to mass and inversely proportional to volume.