The network delay is caused by "handshaking" or the connection-based protocol. This requires an answer (acknowledge) from every transmitted packet. Because the sender must wait for an answer before sending the next packet there will be a delay. The receiver has to indicate that the message was received correctly.
In addition, if the packet is not received correctly then the sender must transmit it again.
All of these can lead to delays.
processing delay
A network delay of 84ms specifies the time it takes for a data bit to travel across the network
das
Delay and bandwidth
Flow based routing considers the flow in the network; mean consider the amount of traffic in the network before deciding on which outgoing line to place the packet. The key here is to be able to characterize the nature of the traffic flows over time. The basic idea behind the algorithm, is that any given line, if the capacity and average flow are known, it is possible to compute the mean packet delay on that line from queuing theory. The routing problem thus reduces to finding the routing algorithm that produces the minimum average delay for the subnet.
it is an intra group
Delay jitter is caused by queuing, contention and sterilization effects on the path through the network.
Transmission Delay
Latency
As load exceeds network capacity, packets gets jammed at nodes. These packets never go forward unless load goes below network capacity. Hence when load exceeds network capacity delay tends to infinity. As load exceeds network capacity, packets gets jammed at nodes. These packets never go forward unless load goes below network capacity. Hence when load exceeds network capacity delay tends to infinity.
delay loop for bitiime
End-to-end delay is the time it takes a packet to travel across the network from source to destination. Delay jitter is the fluctuation of end-to-end delay from packet to the next packet.