A cold knife cone biopsy (conization) is a procedure to get a sample of abnormal tissue from the cervix for further examination.
See also: Colposcopy-directed biopsy
Alternative NamesCone biopsy; Biopsy - cone; Cervical conization
How the test is performedThis is a surgical procedure. It is done in the hospital while you are either sedated through an IV or under general anesthesia.
You will lie on a table and place your feet in stirrups to position your pelvis for examination. The doctor will insert an instrument (speculum) into your vagina to open the vaginal walls and examine the cervix.
A small cone-shaped sample of tissue is removed from the cervix and examined under a microscope for any signs of cancer. This biopsy may also be the treatment if the doctor removes all of the diseased tissue.
How to prepare for the testAs with any procedure that is done under anesthesia, you will probably need to fast for 6 - 8 hours. You must sign an informed consent form. The procedure is done on the same day (outpatient) and a hospital stay is usually not needed.
How the test will feelAfter the procedure, you may have some cramping or discomfort for a week or so. For about 4 - 6 weeks avoid:
For 2 - 3 weeks after the procedure, you may have discharge that is:
Before colposcopy was commonly used, cold knife cone biopsy was the standard next step to diagnose the cause of worrisome Pap smear results. Now, colposcopy is almost always the first step.
A cold knife biopsy may be done if a cervical biopsy using colposcopy cannot find the cause of an abnormal Pap smear.
Conization may also be used to treat moderate to severe biopsy results (CIN II or III). Very early stage cervical cancer (stage 0 or IA1) may be treated with conization. Abnormal cells from the cervical canal, including adenocarcinoma in situ, may be diagnosed, and sometimes treated with cone biopsy.
Normal ValuesThere are no precancerous or cancerous cells in the cervix.
What abnormal results meanMost often, abnormal results mean that there is an area of precancerous or cancerous cells.
What the risks areNoller KL. Intraepithelial neoplasia of the lower genital tract (cervix, vulva): Etiology, screening, diagnostic techniques, management. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 28.
ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 99: management of abnormal cervical cytology and histology. Obstet Gynecol. 2008;112:1419-1444.
A cold knife cone biopsy (conization) is a procedure to get a sample of abnormal tissue from the cervix for further examination.
See also: Colposcopy-directed biopsy
Alternative NamesCone biopsy; Biopsy - cone; Cervical conization
How the test is performedThis is a surgical procedure. It is done in the hospital while you are either sedated through an IV or under general anesthesia.
You will lie on a table and place your feet in stirrups to position your pelvis for examination. The doctor will insert an instrument (speculum) into your vagina to open the vaginal walls and examine the cervix.
A small cone-shaped sample of tissue is removed from the cervix and examined under a microscope for any signs of cancer. This biopsy may also be the treatment if the doctor removes all of the diseased tissue.
How to prepare for the testAs with any procedure that is done under anesthesia, you will probably need to fast for 6 - 8 hours. You must sign an informed consent form. The procedure is done on the same day (outpatient) and a hospital stay is usually not needed.
How the test will feelAfter the procedure, you may have some cramping or discomfort for a week or so. For about 4 - 6 weeks avoid:
For 2 - 3 weeks after the procedure, you may have discharge that is:
Before colposcopy was commonly used, cold knife cone biopsy was the standard next step to diagnose the cause of worrisome Pap smear results. Now, colposcopy is almost always the first step.
A cold knife biopsy may be done if a cervical biopsy using colposcopy cannot find the cause of an abnormal Pap smear.
Conization may also be used to treat moderate to severe biopsy results (CIN II or III). Very early stage cervical cancer (stage 0 or IA1) may be treated with conization. Abnormal cells from the cervical canal, including adenocarcinoma in situ, may be diagnosed, and sometimes treated with cone biopsy.
Normal ValuesThere are no precancerous or cancerous cells in the cervix.
What abnormal results meanMost often, abnormal results mean that there is an area of precancerous or cancerous cells.
What the risks areNoller KL. Intraepithelial neoplasia of the lower genital tract (cervix, vulva): Etiology, screening, diagnostic techniques, management. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 28.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 99: Management of abnormal cervical cytology and histology. Obstet Gynecol. 2008;112:1419-1444.
Reviewed ByReview Date: 02/21/2010
Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Redmond, Washington; Clinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
It is also known as a cone biopsy or cold knife cone biopsy.
Cold-knife conization is the removal of a cone-shaped wedge of tissue with a scalpel (surgical knife).
Cervical conization is both a diagnostic and treatment tool used to detect and treat abnormalities of the cervix. It is also known as a cone biopsy or cold knife cone biopsy.
A cervical biopsy involves the extraction of a smaller tissue sample and is less invasive than a cone biopsy.
A cone biopsy is a surgical procedure in which a cone-shaped tissue sample from the cervix is removed for examination.
A cone biopsy is performed to diagnose cancer of the cervix or to detect precancerous changes.
You should avoid tampon use for three weeks after the cone biopsy. After that, you can use them again.
a cone biopsy is done to diagnose cervical cancer or to remove cancerous or precancerous tissue.
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Also called cervical conization, a cone biopsy is done to diagnose cervical cancer or to remove cancerous or precancerous tissue.
Numerous studies have indicated that cone biopsy is successful in excising all cancerous tissue in 90% of patients with cervical cancer.