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Electrolytes

Updated: 8/11/2023
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13y ago

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Electrolytes are minerals in your blood and other body fluids that carry an electric charge.

Electrolytes affect the amount of water in your body, the acidity of your blood (pH), your muscle function, and other important processes. You lose electrolytes when you sweat. You must replace them by drinking fluids.

Common electrolytes include:

  • Calcium
  • Chloride
  • Magnesium
  • Phosphorous
  • Potassium
  • Sodium

Electrolytes can be acids, bases, and salts.

They can be measured by laboratory studies of the blood in different ways. Each electrolyte can be ordered as a separate test, such as:

Note: Serum is the part of blood that doesn't contain cells.

Sodium, potassium, and chloride can also be ordered as part of an electrolyte panel or a basic metabolic panel.

The electrolytes - urine test measures electrolytes in urine. It usually measures the levels of calcium, chloride, potassium, or sodium.

Reviewed By

Review Date: 09/20/2011

David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

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12y ago
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13y ago
Definition

Electrolytes are minerals in your blood and other body fluids that carry an electric charge.

See also:

Alternative Names

Serum chemistries

Information

It is important to keep a balance of electrolytes in your body, because they affect the amount of water in your body, blood acidity (pH), muscle action, and other important processes. You lose electrolytes when you sweat, and you must replace them by drinking fluids.

Electrolytes exist in the blood as acids, bases, and salts (such as sodium, calcium, potassium, chlorine, magnesium, and bicarbonate). They can be measured by laboratory studies of the blood.

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calcium, sodium and magnesium

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These substances are the electrolytes.


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