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Hemoglobin is a molecule attached to red blood cells that helps move oxygen and carbon dioxide through the body.
Red blood cells have an average life span of 120 days. After this time, they are broken down into parts that can make a new red blood cell. This typically takes place in the spleen, bone marrow, and liver. If the red blood cells break down the blood vessels, their parts move freely in the bloodstream.
If the level of hemoglobin in the blood rises too high, then hemoglobin begins to appear in the urine. This is called hemoglobinuria.
This article focuses on the urine test done to diagnose hemoglobinuria.
See also:
Alternative NamesUrine - hemoglobin
How the test is performedA clean-catch (midstream) urine sample is needed.
Men or boys should first wipe clean the head of the penis. Women or girls need to wash the area between the lips of the vagina with soapy water and rinse well.
As you start to urinate, allow a small amount to fall into the toilet bowl (this clears the urethra of contaminants). Then, in a clean container, catch about 1 to 2 ounces of urine and remove the container from the urine stream. Give the container to the health care provider or assistant.
In infants, thoroughly wash the area around the urethra. Open a urine collection bag (a plastic bag with an adhesive paper on one end), and place it on your infant. For boys, the entire penis can be placed in the bag and the adhesive attached to the skin. For girls, the bag is placed over the labia. Place a diaper over the infant (bag and all).
Check your baby frequently and remove the bag after the infant has urinated into it. For active infants, this procedure may take a couple of attempts -- lively infants can displace the bag. The urine is drained into a container for transport back to the health care provider.
How to prepare for the testNo special preparation is necessary for this test. If the collection is being taken from an infant, a couple of extra collection bags may be necessary.
How the test will feelThe test involves only normal urination.
Why the test is performedThis test may be used to help diagnose:
- Hemolytic anemia
- Infections
- The breakdown of red blood cells from a transfusion reaction or other process
Normally, hemoglobin does not appear in the urine.
What abnormal results meanHemoglobinuria may be a result of any of the following:
- Acute glomerulonephritis
- Burns
- Crushing injury
- Hemoglobin C disease
- Hemoglobin SC disease
- Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
- Kidney infection
- Kidney tumor
- Malaria
- Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
- Sickle cell anemia
- Thalassemia
- Thrombotic thromocytic purpura (TTP)
- Transfusion reaction
- Tuberculosis
McPherson RA, Ben-Ezra J, Zhao S. Basic examination of urine. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 21st ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2006:chap 27
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Is Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria cancer?
no
What causes hemoglobinuria?
most commonly hemolytic anemia
What is Rupturing of the red blood cell with the release of Hgb?
Hemoglobinuria
What does the medical abbreviation PNH mean?
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
What is the difference between hematuria and hemoglobinuria?
hemoglobinuria is when the red blood cells in the urine(abnormal) have lysed (ripped open) and there is free haemoglobin in the urine. Haematuria is when the blood cells are intact in the urine. Both colour the urine dark red
What is another name for blood in urine?
Blood in the urine may be hematuria (also spelled haematuria) or hemoglobinuria.
What is paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?
The intermittent finding of haemoglobin (oxygen carrying part of red blood cells) in your urine at night.
What do you call hemoglobin in the urine?
Hemoglobin is a molecule that is bound to a red blood cell and it helps with the transportation of carbon dioxide and oxygen throughout the body. Hemoglobin in the urine is called hemoglobinuria.
What symptoms of complement deficiencies are there for some people?
symptoms of complement deficiency diseases (like hereditary angioedema, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, or leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome) include abdominal and back pain, skin infections, edema or swelling of the face
How should a nurse manage a patient using blood reinfusion system?
A nurse would want to check vitals frequently, bleeding, Hb/Hct, signs of hemolysis including hemoglobinuria, rigors/chills/shivering, signs of acute respiratory distress, and signs of fluid overload.
What happens if there is trace of hemoglobin in urinalysis?
Urine hemoglobin: The presence of free hemoglobin in the urine, an abnormal finding, that may make the urine look dark. Hemoglobin in the urine is termed hemoglobinuria. Hemoglobin is the protein in the red blood cells which carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues of the body and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs. The iron contained in hemoglobin gives red blood cells their characteristic color.
What Scrabble words begin with the letter H ends with a?
ha, hila, hora, hoya, hula, hyla, henna, herma, holla, honda, hooka, hosta, huzza, hydra, hyena, hypha, hegira, hejira, hernia, hilloa, holloa, hoopla, hulloa, hutzpa, hydria, helluva, hemiola, hymenia, hypogea, hyponea, hypoxia, hemiolia, hospitia, hyphemia, hyponoia, hypopnea, hysteria, And some bonus words... hemelytra, hybridoma, hyperbola, hyperemia, hyperopia, hyperpnea, hypotonia, hypoxemia, hebephrenia, hydromedusa, hydrophobia, hydroxyurea, hymenoptera, hypermnesia, hypothermia, hyperkinesia, hyperlipemia, hyperpyrexia, hyperthermia, hypochondria, hypoglycemia, hyperesthesia, hyperglycemia, hypermetropia, hyperuricemia, hemoglobinuria, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia
