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The Basics of Business Incorporation

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Anonymous

14y ago
Updated: 9/16/2019

The decision to incorporate a business in the United States limits the personal liability of owners against business debts. Incorporation also requires having an organized recordkeeping system for the complex corporate tax returns and decision-making process that retains limited liability status. The first step in forming a corporation is to file articles of incorporation with the state government where the business is headquartered.

Most states have a simple form that requests the name and address of the corporation and contact information for the registered agent. Corporate bylaws are also important to establish. Bylaws set the governing rules of the business. Stock certificates are issued to shareholders indicating the percentage of ownership for each person.

Limited Personal Liability for Incorporation

Protection of personal assets from business creditors is one of the primary advantages of incorporating a business. Generally, personal assets cannot be used to pay a court judgment against the business. The owner only loses the money invested into the company.

However, there are circumstances where exceptions to limited liability may apply. An owner of an incorporated business could be held personally liable if personal guarantees are made on a loan or debt and the company defaults. Failing to pay the taxes withheld from employees' wages is another situation where personal liability is appropriate.

When an owner does not treat the corporation as a separate legal entity from personal affairs, a court could hold him legally responsible. Failing to follow routine formalities of running a corporation could lead to this type of ruling from a court.

It is important to keep business records and transactions separate from personal ones. Additionally, an owner must make adequate investments into the corporation. Regular shareholder meetings and issuing stock to shareholders is essential to staying in compliance with corporation status.

Liability Insurance for Incorporation

Liability insurance is important protection for corporate assets. Lawsuits can occur if an employee or customer is injured on company property. Also, limited liability does not protect an owner from injuries caused to another person during the course of conducting business. For example, if the owner is in an automobile accident while engaging in company business, liability insurance usually covers the accident. Liability insurance is not, however, protection for unpaid business debts.

Retaining the Status of Incorporation

In order to retain the status of incorporation, businesses must continuously follow required business formalities. This includes maintaining separate business and personal financial records. Directors and corporate officers should also sign business related documents in the name of the company.

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14y ago

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