VLDL stands for very low density lipoprotein. Lipoproteins are substances made of cholesterol, triglycerides, and proteins. They move cholesterol, triglycerides, and other lipids to different parts of the body.
There are three major types of lipoproteins. VLDL contains the highest amount of triglycerides. VLDL is considered a type of bad cholesterol, because it helps cholesterol build up on the walls of arteries.
This article discusses the laboratory test to measure the amount of VLDL in your blood.
See also:
Alternative NamesVery low density lipoprotein test
How the test is performedBlood is drawn from a vein, usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. The site is cleaned with germ-killing medicine (antiseptic). The health care provider wraps an elastic band around the upper arm to apply pressure to the area and make the vein swell with blood.
Next, the health care provider gently inserts a needle into the vein. The blood collects into an airtight vial or tube attached to the needle. The elastic band is removed from your arm.
Once the blood has been collected, the needle is removed, and the puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding.
In infants or young children, a sharp tool called a lancet may be used to puncture the skin and make it bleed. The blood collects into a small glass tube called a pipette, or onto a slide or test strip. A bandage may be placed over the area if there is any bleeding.
How the test will feelWhen the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain, while others feel only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.
Why the test is performedYour doctor may order this test to determine your risk of Heart disease. Increased levels of VLDL are linked to atherosclerosis, which can lead to coronary heart disease.
This test may be included in a coronary risk profile.
Normal ValuesNormal VLDL cholesterol level is between 5 and 40 mg/dL.
Note: Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.
What abnormal results meanHigh levels may be associated with a higher risk for heart disease and stroke.
What the risks areThere is very little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one patient to another and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.
Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight but may include:
There is no simple, direct way of measuring VLDL. Most labs estimate your VLDL based on your triglyceride level. It is approximately one fifth of your triglycerides level, although this is less accurate if your triglyceride level is above 400 mg/dL.
ReferencesExpert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive summary of the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA. 2001;285:2486-2497.
Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation. 2004 Jul 13; 110(2):227-39.
Semenkovich CF. Disorders of lipid metabolism. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 217.
The lipid panel measures:Total cholesterol levelTriglyceride LevelHDL cholesterol "good"LDL cholesterol "bad"Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol level.The ratio of total cholesterol to HDL.The ratio of LDL to HDL.Lipid disorders, such as high cholesterol, may lead to life-threatening illnesses, such as coronary artery disease (CAD), heart attack, or stroke.
Lipid profile is a test using electrophoresis to differentiate between the different types of lipids. A standard test will separate the lipid component of the plasma into TriGlycerides, High Density Lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL), Very Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) and Total Cholesterol (TC). From the previously mentioned lipids, one would calculate the Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol as well as the atherogenic indexes be it TC/LDL or LDL/HDL. Measuring the LDL directly is possible but is not standard. Other tests like sub-typing of the LDL or the HDL, as well as Lp(a) are not routein in most laboratories albeit they are frequently performed in research centers.
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A clear or transparent test tube is typically used for a lipid test to easily observe any color changes or reactions that occur during the test.
VLDL (very low density lipoprotein) is a type of "bad "cholesterol, helps cholesterol build up on the walls of arteries so laboratory test the amount of VLDL in your blood. Normal VLDL cholesterol level is between 5 and 40 mg/dL and high levels indicate a higher risk for heart disease, stroke, etc..
The codes LDL, HDL and VLDL are all related to cholesterol screening and blood tests. These measure the lipoprotein in the blood. There are many benefits to having this test done.
I recently had a routine blood test. I asked for a copy of the results. I don't understand all the abbreviations listed. Examples: ALB ALP ALT AST CO2 TBIL CA CHOL CRE GLU HDL-C LDL-C TP TRIG BUN BHCY Na K C1 GLOB A/G RA Bun/CR VLDL CHL/HD Dr. said everything OK. Fine. But, I would like to know what I am being tested for.
Your lipid profile is designed to determine your overall risk of coronary disease as well as your risk of heart attack and stroke. All profiles include triglyceride levels, total cholesterol, HDL (good cholesterol) and LDL (bad cholesterol). It may also include VLDL (very low density level) and non-HDL as well as a total cholesterol/HDL ratio or a risk score.
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The lipid panel measures:Total cholesterol levelTriglyceride LevelHDL cholesterol "good"LDL cholesterol "bad"Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol level.The ratio of total cholesterol to HDL.The ratio of LDL to HDL.Lipid disorders, such as high cholesterol, may lead to life-threatening illnesses, such as coronary artery disease (CAD), heart attack, or stroke.
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Lipid profile is a test using electrophoresis to differentiate between the different types of lipids. A standard test will separate the lipid component of the plasma into TriGlycerides, High Density Lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL), Very Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) and Total Cholesterol (TC). From the previously mentioned lipids, one would calculate the Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol as well as the atherogenic indexes be it TC/LDL or LDL/HDL. Measuring the LDL directly is possible but is not standard. Other tests like sub-typing of the LDL or the HDL, as well as Lp(a) are not routein in most laboratories albeit they are frequently performed in research centers.