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What Factors Determine Mortgage Rates?

Updated: 9/27/2023
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11y ago

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You may be wondering what factors determine the interest rate for a given mortgage. Why does one borrower have to pay 5 percent interest on their loan while another borrower may only have to pay 4 percent interest? Here are a few factors that determine the interest rate on a mortgage.

How Long Is The Loan Term?

A 15 year mortgage will generally have a lower interest rate than a 30 year mortgage because there is less of a risk that a borrower will default on the loan. However, the overall monthly payment on a 30 year mortgage is going to be lower because the cost of the loan is spread out over a higher number of payments.

Is The Loan Fixed Or Variable?

A fixed loan almost always comes with a lower interest rate than a variable loan. This is because a variable loan responds to changes in the housing market. For example, a loan today may carry an interest rate of close to 4 percent. However, interest rates will surely rise in the future. If you have a variable loan, your interest rate could rise as high as 10 percent at one point. Variable loans also come with higher interest rates because they are usually given to people with bad or no credit.

How Strong Is The Housing Market?

The relative strength of the housing market and the overall economy will help determine the interest rates for a mortgage. In a strong economy and housing market, a mortgage will have a higher interest rate. In a weak economy and housing market, a mortgage will have a lower interest rate. The lower interest rate in a weak economy is used as an incentive for borrowers to apply for loans.

Homeowners or those applying for a mortgage now can always choose to refinance their loan in the future. Therefore, if you get a bad deal now, you can always apply for a new loan in the future to take advantage of lower interest rates or an improvement in your credit score.

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