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The accounting process or accounting cycle consists of activities that are performed in three phases. Each phase is performed over certain time periods.

Phase 1

The activities in the first phase are performed daily:

  1. Analyze transactions that occur
  2. Enter transactions into the journal
  3. Post the journal entries to the ledger accounts

Phase 2

The activities in the second phase are performed periodically depending on how a company's accounting department is structured. They may be performed weekly, monthly, quarterly, or annually:

  1. Prepare trial balances
  2. Enter adjusting entries into the journal and post to ledger accounts
  3. Prepare an adjusted trial balance

Phase 3

These activities are performed by the company annually at the end of a fiscal year:

  1. Prepare financial statements
  2. Make closing entries in the journal and post to ledger accounts
  3. Prepare a post-closing trial balance
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