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It basically is the philosophical approach which says that normalcy should be regarded as the working standard of what mental health really is. It forms the foundation for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (aka, the "DSM") which is a core textual tool of the mental health industry.

The DSM maintains that one of the key aspects of all mental disorders is their statistical rarity in the general population -- and by the normative theory, that qualifies them as disorders.

Critics of normative theory interpret it as a license to promote oppressive conformity, equating an emphasis on normalcy with conformity.

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