Working capital is often referred to as the lifeblood of an organization because it represents the funds available for day-to-day operations. It ensures that a company can meet its short-term liabilities and maintain smooth operational flow, allowing for timely payments to suppliers and employees. Adequate working capital enables an organization to invest in growth opportunities and respond to unexpected expenses, thereby sustaining its overall health and viability. Without sufficient working capital, even profitable businesses can face liquidity crises that threaten their survival.
Working capital is often referred to as the lifeblood of an organization because it represents the funds available for day-to-day operations, enabling a business to meet its short-term obligations and maintain liquidity. Sufficient working capital ensures that a company can invest in inventory, pay employees, and cover other operational expenses, which are essential for sustaining growth and stability. Without adequate working capital, an organization may struggle to operate efficiently, leading to cash flow issues and potential risks to its overall viability.
Current assets minus current liabilities is called working capital and working capital is that free cash amount which is available for running day to day business functions.
Requirements Of working capital depend upon various factors such as nature of business, size of business, the flow of business activities. However, small organization relatively needs lesser working capital than the big business organization. Following are the factors which affect the working capital of a firm:1. Size Of BusinessWorking capital requirement of a firm is directly influenced by the size of its business operation. Big business organizations require more working capital than the small business organization. Therefore, the size of organization is one of the major determinants of working capital.2. Nature Of BusinessWorking capital requirement depends upon the nature of business carried by the firm. Normally, manufacturing industries and trading organizations need more working capital than in the service business organizations. A service sector does not require any amount of stock of goods. In service enterprises, there are less credit transactions. But in the manufacturing or trading firm, credit sales and advance related transactions are in large amount. So, they need more working capital.3. Storage Time Or Processing PeriodTime needed for keeping the stock in store is called storage period. The amount of working capital is influenced by the storage period. If storage period is high, a firm should keep more quantity of goods in store and hence requires more working capital. Similarly, if the processing time is more, then more stock of goods must be held in store as work-in-progress.4. Credit PeriodCredit period allowed to customers is also one of the major factors which influence the requirement of working capital. Longer credit period requires more investment in debtors and hence more working capital is needed.But, the firm which allows less credit period to customers needs less working capital.5. Seasonal RequirementIn certain business, raw material is not available throughout the year. Such business organizations have to buy raw material in bulk during the season to ensure an uninterrupted flow and process them during the entire year. Thus, a huge amount is blocked in the form of raw material inventories which gives rise to more working capital requirements.6. Potential Growth Or Expansion Of BusinessIf the business is to be extended in future, more working capital is required. More amount of working capital is required to meet the expansion need of business.7. Changes In Price LevelChange in price level also affects the working capital requirements. Generally, the rise in price will require the firm to maintain large amount of working capital as more funds will be required to maintain the sale level of current assets.8. Dividend PolicyThe dividend policy of the firm is an important determinant of working capital. The need for working capital can be met with the retained earning. If a firm retains more profit and distributes lower amount of dividend, it needs less working capital.9. Access To Money MarketIf a firm has good access to capital market, it can raise loan from bank and financial institutions. It results in minimization of need of working capital.10. Working Capital CycleWhen the working capital cycle of a firm is long, it will require larger amount of working capital. But, if working capital cycle is short, it will need less working capital.11. Operating EfficiencyThe operating efficiency of a firm also affects the firm's need of working capital. The operating efficiency of the firm results in optimum utilization of assets. The optimum utilization of assets in turn results in more fund release for working capital.
Current assets minus current liabilities is called working capital and working capital is that free cash amount which is available for running day to day business functions.
working capital is required to fulfil daily cash requirements and performing daily business activities if firm don't have it, it will be difficult for them to perform daily routine business activities.
Working capital is often referred to as the lifeblood of an organization because it represents the funds available for day-to-day operations, enabling a business to meet its short-term obligations and maintain liquidity. Sufficient working capital ensures that a company can invest in inventory, pay employees, and cover other operational expenses, which are essential for sustaining growth and stability. Without adequate working capital, an organization may struggle to operate efficiently, leading to cash flow issues and potential risks to its overall viability.
professional organization
Management of short term assets (current assets) and short term liabilities (current liabilities) is commonly known as working capital management.Working capital is a requirement of funds to meet the day to day working expenses. In a simple term working capital is an excess of current assets over the current liabilities. In working capital management we focus more on receivables management, cash management and inventory management etc. Proper way of management of working capital is highly essential to ensure a dynamic stability of the financial position of an organization.
professional organization
The working capital of any business is called dough. Bakers make dough (money) by making dough (bread).
A business requires funds for day to day working. This fund is called as working capital fund. This helps a business enterprise to borrow raw material, convert it into finished goods and sell it and get back funds. This is the cycle of working capital. However you may try a minimum of this capital remains in the business in some form or the other.The minimum level of working capital that is required to keep the cycle going on is called as core working capital. It is permanent part of the business. It can be used for funding long term assets because of its fixed permanent nature.
Working capital is said to be the life blood of a business. Working capital, signifies funds required for day-to-day operations of the firm. In financial literature, there exists two concepts of working capital, namely gross concept and net concept. According to gross concept, working' capital refers to current assets viz, cash, marketable securities, inventories of raw material, work-in-process, finished goods and receivables. According to net concept, working capital refers to the difference between current assets and current liabilities. Ordinarily, working capital can be classified into fixed or permanent and variable or fluctuating parts. The minimum level of investment in current assets regularly employed in business is, called fixed or permanent working capital and the extra working capital needed to support the changing business activities is called variable, or fluctuating working capital. What is the nature and the scope of working capital decisions? What are the important dimensions of working capital management? What are the basic decision criteria, principles and approaches applicable in the field of working capital management? In this chapter, we shall take up each of these questions and thus take an overview of working capital management.
Current assets minus current liabilities is called working capital and working capital is that free cash amount which is available for running day to day business functions.
Requirements Of working capital depend upon various factors such as nature of business, size of business, the flow of business activities. However, small organization relatively needs lesser working capital than the big business organization. Following are the factors which affect the working capital of a firm:1. Size Of BusinessWorking capital requirement of a firm is directly influenced by the size of its business operation. Big business organizations require more working capital than the small business organization. Therefore, the size of organization is one of the major determinants of working capital.2. Nature Of BusinessWorking capital requirement depends upon the nature of business carried by the firm. Normally, manufacturing industries and trading organizations need more working capital than in the service business organizations. A service sector does not require any amount of stock of goods. In service enterprises, there are less credit transactions. But in the manufacturing or trading firm, credit sales and advance related transactions are in large amount. So, they need more working capital.3. Storage Time Or Processing PeriodTime needed for keeping the stock in store is called storage period. The amount of working capital is influenced by the storage period. If storage period is high, a firm should keep more quantity of goods in store and hence requires more working capital. Similarly, if the processing time is more, then more stock of goods must be held in store as work-in-progress.4. Credit PeriodCredit period allowed to customers is also one of the major factors which influence the requirement of working capital. Longer credit period requires more investment in debtors and hence more working capital is needed.But, the firm which allows less credit period to customers needs less working capital.5. Seasonal RequirementIn certain business, raw material is not available throughout the year. Such business organizations have to buy raw material in bulk during the season to ensure an uninterrupted flow and process them during the entire year. Thus, a huge amount is blocked in the form of raw material inventories which gives rise to more working capital requirements.6. Potential Growth Or Expansion Of BusinessIf the business is to be extended in future, more working capital is required. More amount of working capital is required to meet the expansion need of business.7. Changes In Price LevelChange in price level also affects the working capital requirements. Generally, the rise in price will require the firm to maintain large amount of working capital as more funds will be required to maintain the sale level of current assets.8. Dividend PolicyThe dividend policy of the firm is an important determinant of working capital. The need for working capital can be met with the retained earning. If a firm retains more profit and distributes lower amount of dividend, it needs less working capital.9. Access To Money MarketIf a firm has good access to capital market, it can raise loan from bank and financial institutions. It results in minimization of need of working capital.10. Working Capital CycleWhen the working capital cycle of a firm is long, it will require larger amount of working capital. But, if working capital cycle is short, it will need less working capital.11. Operating EfficiencyThe operating efficiency of a firm also affects the firm's need of working capital. The operating efficiency of the firm results in optimum utilization of assets. The optimum utilization of assets in turn results in more fund release for working capital.
The International Workers Association is an organization of workers formed in 1922. The group had its roots in the 1860's organization of workers called International Working Men's Association.
Working capital (also known as net working capital) is a financial metric which represents the amount of day-by-day operating liquidity available to a business. Along with fixed assets such as plant and equipment, working capital is considered a part of operating capital. It is calculated as current assets minus current liabilities. A company can be endowed with assets and profitability, but short of liquidity, if these assets cannot readily be converted into cash.
Current assets minus current liabilities is called working capital and working capital is that free cash amount which is available for running day to day business functions.