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The gas used in airships is almost always helium.

In the early 20th century, some airships were built using hydrogen, which provided a slightly higher lifting capacity, but was both corrosive and flammable. Only a few locations had access to helium and international sales were at times restricted. It became much more widely available by the 1950s. But by then the era of very large airships had come to an end.

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Helium has a low density and will provide good lift. Put a bunch of helium in a sack and it will displace enough air to provide sufficient buoyancy for the sack to rise up and lift a considerable amount of stuff with it. Works well. Also, helium is an inert gas, and because it doesn't react chemically with anything else, it doesn't present much risk when it is used. The Goodyear folks have been building airships and using helium to fill them since the mid-1920's, and their big blimps are still cruising American skies. Chances are good that you've seen one. The helium was recovered as a byproduct from the petroleum industry's natural gas well operations where it is mixed in with the underground natural gas in recoverable amounts.

There is also another very light gas used in airships. Hydrogen. When the Germans were building and flying their huge lighter-than-air ships in the 1930's, their choice of gas was hydrogen. Hydrogen is considerably less dense than air, too. And hydrogen is very easy to come by. Easier than helium. A lot easier. Just take plain old water, apply a little electricity and it will break into its constituent atoms - hydrogen and oxygen. Need hydrogen? Make all you want. Easy. Oh, but there's a catch. Hydrogen is highly flammable. One spark in the presence of air (oxygen) and the bag that you filled with the hydrogen will go up in a big ball of fire. If you haven't seen the short film clip of the Hindenburg disaster, the big German airship that met with such a catastrophic end on May 6, 1937, check it out. Hydrogen use in airships has disappeared. It's way too dangerous. It's all about helium now.
Helium is a safe gas to use in airships.

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7y ago

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What accident led to change hydrogen gas in airships?

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