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in a nut shell, not too knowledgable on the system but:
it consists of the following
1 x forward outflow valve mainly for cooling of the E&E bay and doesnt do much with pressurization it just creeps open and allows for air to exit and to circulate and cool down the avionics
2 x negative pressure relief which are simply doors that require maybe .1 PSI to open, they protect the cabin incase outside pressure is more than inside pressure (diving through the ceiling i think they call this)
1 x outflow valve this is the main controller of the pressurization system. It is whats connected to the rate controller. The rate controller is set by the pilot and he chooses what alt he wants the cabin at and how fast he wants to get there. This rate controller senses the pressure inside the cabin and tells the outflow valve whether to open more allowing air to escape allowing pressure to decrease or to close the outflow valve and keep the air in, allowing pressure to increase. This is the only real ventilation you get in the aircraft. Yes those nozzles above your seat are baggage compartment "fresh" air not real, new air. To finish things off the air in the first place comes from bleed air source which are your engines. Air is taken from 2 compressor sections on the engine itself and is bled into cabin after going to filters, ducts, and i believe cooling systems as well. The outflow valve it self is opened by the power of vaccuum and is closed by the spring inside.
2 x safety relief valves which are there to act as another negative pressure relief, they open slightly above max differential pressure maybe 8.7 psi vs. outflow opening at 8.5 psi this is to allow the outflow valve to do its other job and open at max diff before the safety valve does. its last job is to dump all pressure as per pilot wants, or landing
1 x aft outflow valve which is mainly for the dumping of pressure in emergency. the landing gear squat switch also opens this valve upon landing to depressurize. its at the back of the plane in order to be able to suck air from the front and anywhere forward of the main aft section of aircraft where there could be a smell or smoke ect
thats all i got. hope it helps!
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