When two or more aircraft are approaching an airport for the purpose of landing, the aircraft at the lower altitude has the right-of-way, but it shall not take advantage of this rule to cut in front of another which is on final approach to land or to overtake
that aircraft.
yes
At a large airport that handles commercial aircraft, the first controller that the pilot contacts is the ground controller. That controller is stationed in the control tower and directs the movement of the aircraft from the gate to the end of the runway. The pilot then contacts the local controller who directs traffic on the runways and in the local vicinity of the airport. The local controller is also in the control tower and clears the aircraft for takeoff. After the aircraft is airborne, the pilot contacts the departure controller who locates the aircraft on RADAR and directs the aircraft out of the terminal area. At that point, the pilot contacts the Air Route Traffic Control Center. Center then locates the aircraft on RADAR and directs it to the terminal area of the airport at which the aircraft will land. Center "hands off" the aircraft to the approach controller who locates the aircraft on RADAR and guides it to the final approach course of the runway that will be used for the landing. When the aircraft is on final approach, the approach controller will hand the aircraft off to the local controller who clears the aircraft to land. When the aircraft has landed and has taxied clear of the runway, the pilot contacts the ground controller who directs the aircraft to the gate.
A: Descent is the phase during which the aircraft descends from its cruising altitude to its approach altitude. This phase typically occurs several miles before the runway and involves a gradual reduction in altitude and speed as the aircraft prepares to land. Final approach, on the other hand, is the phase of the landing process where the aircraft is lined up with the runway and descends towards it. This phase occurs closer to the runway and typically involves a steeper descent and a more rapid reduction in speed as the aircraft prepares to touch down on the runway.
depends on the size of aircraft, approach requirements
An aircraft waiting to land is not cruising, it either on final approach so defending and slowing to 140 knots or is held in pattern at a speed dictated by act normally 180 to 200 knots
Visual Approach Rules - used for airports where the pilots will land their aircraft not using the Instrument Landing System
To land a Cessna 150, begin by reducing your airspeed to the recommended landing speed (around 60 KIAS) and configuring the aircraft with flaps as needed for your approach. Align the aircraft with the runway and maintain a stable descent by controlling your rate of descent and keeping your glide path steady. As you approach the runway, gently pull back on the yoke to flare the aircraft just above the runway, allowing the main wheels to touch down first. After touchdown, apply brakes smoothly and steer the aircraft to the centerline of the runway.
(for small quiet airports see the "traffic pattern"), With a visual landing, The pilot will approach the point about 3 miles from the end of the runway at a 45 degree angle and configure the aircraft for landng(this is called the approach), once the aircraft is inline with the runway it will turn 45 degrees to be pointing down the runway (the aircraft should have received landing clearence by then, It will then decend as it nears the runway, This is called the (Final approach)The traffic pattern is a standard path followed by all aircraft when taking off and landing. The use of a traffic pattern is to ensure the safety of all aircraft operating in the area and efficiency in aircraft recovery. With a set traffic pattern pilots will be able to expect when and where to see other aircraft.There is no set length for each leg of the standard traffic pattern; however the typical traffic pattern has a 3-5 nautical mile (nm) final approach. When landing on an aircraft carrier the traffic pattern tends to be smaller as it is not required to use long approaches when landing on a moving carrier. For our purposes, we will use a standard separation of 2.0, between recovering aircraft/pattern aircraft. Proper Radio Transmissions And Pattern Positions Are Explained Below.The standard traffic pattern uses LEFT 90 degree turns at 1,000ft Above Ground Level.
Jet-powered aircraft land on the same airports as piston-engine aircraft.
The landing speed for a Boeing 727 typically ranges from about 120 to 140 knots, depending on factors such as weight, configuration, and environmental conditions. Pilots adjust this speed based on the specific circumstances of the landing, including the aircraft's load and runway conditions. The final approach speed is crucial for a safe landing, ensuring the aircraft can land smoothly and within the runway limits.
If conditions (airport layout and traffic conditions) allow aircraft take off and land against the wind (headwind). This way the aircraft can take off or approach the runway at a lower ground speed.
Pilots that are flying naval aircraft.