Modified Duration
A metric used to measure a company's ability to meet its debt obligations. It is calculated by taking a company's earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) and dividing it by the total interest payable on bonds and other contractual debt. It is usually quoted as a ratio and indicates how many times a company can cover its interest charges on a pretax basis. Failing to meet these obligations could force a company into bankruptcy. Also referred to as "interest coverage ratio" and "fixed-charged coverage." Investopedia explains 'Times Interest Earned - TIE' Ensuring interest payments to debt holders and preventing bankruptcy depends mainly on a company's ability to sustain earnings. However, a high ratio can indicate that a company has an undesirable lack of debt or is paying down too much debt with earnings that could be used for other projects. The rationale is that a company would yield greater returns by investing its earnings into other projects and borrowing at a lower cost of capital than what it is currently paying to meet its debt obligations.
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Conformation is the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule that can come about through free rotation of atoms about a single chemical bond. It can be changed without breaking bonds. Example. rotation about single bonds produce the cis-trans, and E-Z conformationsespecially of organic molecules.(Think: Conformation: orbiting)Confirmation is the religious ceremony of a bishop praying for the indwelling of the Holy Spirit in a baptised Christian.Read more: http://wiki.answers.com/What_is_the_difference_between_conformation_and_configuration#ixzz1Q7ew2V25
There are two types of chemical bonds, covalent and ionic. Ionic involve the complete transfer of electrons and covalent involve the sharing of electrons.
x = the amount of money that was invested at the first bond y = the amount of money that was invested at the second bond x + y = 24,000 so, y = 24,000 - x 0.075x + 0.09y = 1935 0.075x + 0.09(24,000 - x) = 1935 0.075x + 2160 - 0.09x = 1935 -0.015x = - 225 0.015x = 225 x = 225/0.015 x = 15,000, this is the amount of money that was invested in the first bond y = 24,000 - x y = 24,000 - 15,000 y = 9,000, this is the amount of money that was invested in the second bond Check it: 15,000 x 0.075 = 1,125 9,000 x 0.09 = 810 1,125 + 810 = 1,935
The relationship between bonds and interest rates is inverse. When interest rates go up, bond prices go down, and vice versa. This is because bond prices are influenced by the prevailing interest rates in the market.
Fluctuations in interest rates can impact the value of bonds in a financial portfolio. When interest rates rise, the value of existing bonds decreases because newer bonds offer higher yields. Conversely, when interest rates fall, the value of existing bonds increases as they offer higher yields compared to newer bonds. This relationship between interest rates and bond values is known as interest rate risk.
Taxable bonds are subject to federal income tax on the interest earned, while tax-exempt bonds are not subject to federal income tax on the interest earned.
Changes in interest rates have an inverse relationship with bond values. When interest rates rise, bond values decrease, and when interest rates fall, bond values increase. This is because existing bonds with lower interest rates become less attractive compared to new bonds with higher interest rates.
Long convexity in bonds refers to the relationship between bond prices and changes in interest rates. In a changing interest rate environment, bonds with long convexity are more sensitive to interest rate movements compared to bonds with short convexity. This means that when interest rates rise, the price of bonds with long convexity will decrease more than bonds with short convexity, and vice versa.
Interest is a payment on debt (such as bonds or bank notes). A dividend is a distribution of earnings to the owners of a firm.
It makes the interest payment process easier - if accrued interest is collected when the bond is sold, then the payment to all bondholders is the same: the interest amount for 3 or 6 months, or whatever the payment period is
They break and new bonds are formed
bonds
Pierluigi Balduzzi has written: 'The central tendency' -- subject(s): Bonds, Econometric models, Interest rates, Prices 'A model of target changes and the term structure of interest rates' -- subject(s): Interest rates, Mathematical models
Bonds have discounts and premiums and accrued interest. Preferred Stock doesn't.
Fixed bonds don't necessarily have higher rates than bonds with fluctuating interest. An interesting feature of bonds is that their rates tend to go down as interest rates in general go up. A fixed rate bond will yield the same return no matter what the economy does, but a fluctuating interest bond's rate could go up if the general interest rate goes down or vice versa. So really, the important determining factor of which type of bond performs better is the economy in general.