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in simplest terms, gear ratio is all about leverage
the same concept that makes a larger lever able to apply more force while moving a longer distance applies to gears. instead of comparing the length of the lever, you compare the size of the gears or number of teeth (which is the same as a measure of size if teeth are the same size since we are looking for a ratio or fraction)
the size of one gear in relation to the other is a "gear ratio". if gear A has 40 teeth and gear B has 10 teeth, the ratio is 4:1.
for gear A to go a complete revolution it went through 40 teeth, and if gear B went for a complete revolution it went through 10. what does this mean? it means if they are paired together--let's say gear A turning gear B--then for every turn of A, gear B turns 4 times.
how does this relate to speed and torque? well in the scenario above, gear B is turning 4 times as fast as gear A but with 1/4 of the torque or turning force (of course there are factors that influence this and there is more to it, but let's keep it simple to explain the relationship).
this is easiest to see/understand in a bicycle. when you small gear in back (wheel) versus a large gear, pedaling is "harder". the smaller the gear, the more the end of the wheel has leverage over it, however the smaller the gear, the less pedaling it takes to turn the wheel a full turn.... if you go to a larger gear in back it will take more pedals to turn the wheel but feel easier because you have increased your mechanical advantage on the ground.
in an automotive transmission, the input of the transmission can be equated to engine RPM (for this example) and the output can be equated to wheel speed (in this example), in 1st gear the output gear is larger than the input gear. this means that the wheels will turn less than the engine.... you will go 'slow' even with high RPM but you have more torque so you can start the car from a stop or go up a hill.... in the highest gear the output gear is smaller than the input, this means that for every turn of the engine the wheels will turn several times (this is called overdrive)... once you are already moving at a high speed you don't need as much TORQUE to keep the car going so you sacrifice torque in higher gears to gain speed and keep your engine RPM down.
if you are asking in regards to a differential gear ratio (like performance vs. stock) it's the same idea. the differential is just another gearset, like in the transmission, but this one can't be shifted. so if you have a differential that's lower geared you will have more torque at any given RPM but to go at a given speed your engine will have to turn faster than with a higher geared differential. in theory this will lower your top speed.
if you go with a higher gearset you will have less torque in any given gear, but will have a higher speed at any given engine RPM vs the lower geared set. -Ramsey Mesyef
What else can I help you with?
How does gear ratio affect torque in a mechanical system?
The gear ratio in a mechanical system affects torque by changing the relationship between the input and output speeds of the system. A higher gear ratio increases torque at the expense of speed, while a lower gear ratio increases speed at the expense of torque.
When you use a gear with a small diameter to drive a gear with a large diameter what is increased speed or torque?
Torque is increased on the larger, driven gear. The increase can be calculated as the ratio of the radii of the two gears. For example, if the small gear has a radius of 2 cm and the larger gear has a radius of 10 cm, the torque ratio is 10/2 (ten to two), or 5/1 (five to one). So the driven gear is producing 5 times the torque of the driving gear. The speed ratio is the reverse; the driven gear is rotating at 1/5 the speed of the driving gear.
How do you use gear ratio to increase horsepower?
It doesn't work that way. The gear ratio determines what speed the vehicle is running at when in the (torque) powerband.
How the speed of a vehicle is related to engine speed and how tha vehicle speed is affected by the engine torque and gear ratio?
A smaller number as a gear ratio means more speed. Higher ratios have higher torque and less speed. The size of the engine just determines hp and tq for that engine unless it is upgraded. The gear ratio and engine determine the vehicles top speed and acceleration. More torque means more power therefore more acceleration.
How do you control torque?
In case of Bikes: By increasing the gear ratio from the main transmission point. As the torque and speed ratio is inversely proportional so increasing the teeths of the rear end gear to the main engine gear will increase the torque simultaneously it will also reduce the pick up
How do you control engine torque?
In case of Bikes: By increasing the gear ratio from the main transmission point. As the torque and speed ratio is inversely proportional so increasing the teeths of the rear end gear to the main engine gear will increase the torque simultaneously it will also reduce the pick up
What happens to torque when something rotates faster?
When an object rotates faster, the angular velocity increases while the torque remains constant. This is described by the equation torque = moment of inertia * angular acceleration. Thus, if angular acceleration increases, torque may change to match the new acceleration.
What mechanism can increase torque speed?
One way to increase torque speed is by using a gearbox or gear reduction system. By changing the gear ratio between the input and output shafts, you can increase the speed of the output while reducing the torque. Additionally, increasing the voltage supplied to a motor can also increase its torque speed characteristics.
What is a mechanical ratio?
A mechanical ratio, often referred to as a gear ratio, is the relationship between the number of teeth on two gears that are meshed together. It indicates how many times one gear will turn in relation to the other, influencing speed and torque in mechanical systems. For example, a gear ratio of 2:1 means that for every two rotations of the driving gear, the driven gear will complete one rotation, effectively doubling the output speed while halving the torque.
What is better a high gear ratio or a low gear ratio?
It depends on what you need - if you want lots of speed no power on the bottom end you go with the high ratio - if you want lots of torque on take off and lots of pulling power you take the low gear ratio.
How does gear ratio affect power?
Gear ratio affects power by determining the relationship between the input and output speeds and torque in a mechanical system. A higher gear ratio increases torque at the expense of speed, making it ideal for applications requiring more power, such as climbing or heavy loads. Conversely, a lower gear ratio allows for higher speeds but reduces torque, which is suitable for faster, less demanding conditions. Ultimately, the right gear ratio optimizes performance based on specific operational needs.
What gear train provides less torque?
A gear train with a higher gear ratio, such as a simple gear train or a gear train with smaller driving gears and larger driven gears, typically provides less torque. This is because the mechanical advantage is reduced, resulting in less force being transmitted through the system. Lower torque is often accompanied by higher speed, making such gear trains suitable for applications where speed is prioritized over torque.
