Try replacing the plugs and wires
P0303 is cylinder #3 misfire. P0300 would be random misfire. Either way you need to diagnose the case of a misfire. Check spark plugs, plug wires(if equipped), cylinder compression, fuel inectors, and wiring.
PO303 indicates a misfire on cylinder #3. Normally caused by bad spark plug or plug wire.
P0303 Cylinder 3 Misfire Detected the is no "E" chances are you have back spark plugs or a bad ignition coil.
P030* basically means a cylinder has a misfire. P0301 is cylinder #1, P0302 is #2, and so on. P0300 means that there are random misfires caused by a vacuum or compression leak, little or no spark, etc.
P0303 is cylinder #3 misfire. You need to check the spark plug, coil, etc. Normally a set of plugs wil repair the code. Could also be injector, wiring, or internal engine problem.
A P0303 error code is caused by misfire on piston 3. This can come as a result of a bad spark plug, damaged wires, or even a problem with the vehicle's computer.
Number 3 cylinder is misfiring, it could be for several reasons such as a bad spark plug, a bad spark plug wire, a bad distributor cap, a bad rotor, a bad fuel injector, low compression due to a burned valve, large vacuum leak,
New spark plugs and plug wires. Do not gap the plugs, they are factory gapped. If you stick a feeler gauge in them you will ruin the platinum plating.
To address the P0303 and P0203 codes on a Mercedes S-Class 430, start by diagnosing the misfire in cylinder 3 (P0303) and the injector circuit issue for that cylinder (P0203). Check the spark plug, ignition coil, and fuel injector for cylinder 3 for any faults or wear. Inspect wiring and connectors for damage or corrosion. If necessary, replace any faulty components and clear the codes, then test drive the vehicle to ensure the issues are resolved.
It means # 3 cylinder has a misfire. My advice is to replace all the spark plugs, and check the spark plug wires carefully.
The most likely cause is either a bad spark plug or spark plug wire. Replace those two things and see if the problem persists.
A cylinder misfire can be cause by a bad spark plug or a bad fuel injector. Replace the spark plug to see if the problem is corrected.