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this is rhetorical when you think about it. when you have more cylinders, you have more power, but less fuel efficiency, and vice versa. In this answer its not all completely correct in some cases a multi-cylinder engine can have a better fuel economy compared to a single cylinder engine, it depends on the capacity of the of the cylinder, the size of the valves and how much they allow the fuel and air mixture (in S.I engines A.K.A petrol engines) or air for diesel engines. One reason that i know of for a multi-cylinder engine to be preferred to a single cylinder engine is because it gives less stress to the engine when running it also causes the engine to be more stable. In addition a multi-cylinder engine has less time between power strokes so the engine is more efficient.

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