Neither. Samuel Chase was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and a signatory to the Declaration of Independence. He didn't rule any government; his highest position was Associate Justice on the US Supreme Court.
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a government in which a small usally self appointed grouo has the power to rule
A small group of people holds the power to rule. A+
Some names for the form of government ruled by the rich or powerful might include, a plutocracy (rule by the wealthy), an oligarchy (rule by the wealthy, connected, educated, royalty), or maybe an aristocracy (rule by a small class of privileged).
oligarchy
Modern depictions of aristocracy tend to regard it not as a legitimate aristocracy (rule by the best), but rather as a plutocracy (rule by the rich).