A majority opinion is the legal document that explains the legal reasoning behind a Supreme Court decision.
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The majority decision in a case before the Supreme Court is called the "opinion of the Court." The opinion is preceded by a Syllabus that summarizes the case and opinion; the full opinion elaborates on the Court's reasoning and case law cited as precedents.For more information on US Supreme Court opinions, see Related Questions, below.
The opinion is the Supreme Court's decision on a case, usually accompanied by a written explanation that includes the reasoning and legal precedents used.
a per curiam opinion
In most cases a Supreme Court decision is permanent. The current Supreme Court can change the decision of a previous Supreme Court.
The United States Constution is the document that created the supreme court.