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David Wilmot was a congress man from Pennsylvania and a man opposed to slavery. He saw that having Texas and other lands previously owned by Mexico were territories that could expand slavery. Wilmot created the Wilmot Proviso to halt the extension of slavery. His Proviso was simple and direct. It read as follows:"Provided: That as an express and fundamental condition to the acquisition of any territory from the Republic of Mexico by the United States, by virtue of treaty which may be negotiated between them, and to the use by the Executive of all the moneys herein appropriated, neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of the said territory, except for crime, whereof the party must first be convicted". The House of Representatives passed the Proviso many times however, it never passed in the US Senate.
James K. Polk was not an abolitionist. He owned slaves and passed them down to his family when he died... he denied the Wilmot Proviso, although he wanted to continue the 36° 30' line west to the pacific so that slavery could not be established anywhere north of the line...
It polarised opinion by declaring that there could be no slavery in any new state or territory. This removed any hope of compromise, and it was the sticking-point in Lincoln's last-minute attempt to avoid a conflict.
consuls!
For the colonists could be free