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The creation of the Federal Reserve System in 1913 was primarily driven by financial panics, particularly the Panic of 1907, which exposed the weaknesses in the U.S. banking system. In response, a series of reform discussions and proposals emerged, leading to the establishment of the National Monetary Commission, headed by Senator Nelson Aldrich. After extensive deliberation, the Aldrich Plan was introduced but faced public resistance, prompting a modified approach. This culminated in the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, which established a central banking system to provide stability and prevent future financial crises.

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