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The US printed so-called "fractional" currency during and after the Civil War in an effort to alleviate a shortage of coins caused by a number of factors related to wartime disruption. The smallest fractional note was worth three cents, and was issued from 1864 to 1869.

Other fractional denominations were 5, 10, 15, 25, and 50 cents. Except for the strange 15¢ denomination they matched the most common coins then circulating. Fractional currency was printed until 1876, by which time the coin shortage had been alleviated. At that point fractional currency was redeemed for coins.

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