The white men called him Chief Joseph. His Native American name was Hin-mah-too-laht-ket, which means "Thunder Rolling in the Mountains."
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Truth be told, some things are lost to history. The best answer that can be given is the First Nations. Idaho is divided into two cultural areas: the Plateau Culture Area and the Great Basin Culture Area. The tribes that settled these area shared similarities with each of the others that shared the area, but differed from those of the other culture area. Tribes of the Plateau Culture Area were: Kalispel, Kootnai, Coeur d' Alene (Schitsu'umsh) and Nez Perce (Nimi'ipuu) Tribes of the Great Basin Culture Area were: Bannock, Shoshone, and Northern Paiute. Those whom these indigenous nations descended from are largely lost to history, and remain the subject of speculation and anthropological study.
According to the Native Languages of the Americas website, there are more than 1,000 Native American Tribes in the Western Hemisphere. There are 562 federally recognized tribal governments in the United States.