The President, but he (or she) must have the consent of the Senate, which votes whether to accept or reject the nominee. If a simple majority (51% of those voting) affirms the President's choice, the nominee is appointed and becomes a US Supreme Court justice.
Congress
Congress can pass legislation that prevents the US Supreme Court from exercising appellate jurisdiction over certain Executive and Legislative actions, either in whole or in part. This is known as jurisdiction stripping, or curtailment of jurisdiction.
Congress cannot pass legislation that interferes with the Supreme Court's original jurisdiction, as granted by the constitution, nor can they concurrently remove jurisdiction from the Supreme Court and inferior courts, leaving no forum to challenge the legislation (although they may specify which court or courts will have original and appellate jurisdiction in such cases, as they did with Guantanamo detainees).
The power to assign jurisdiction derives from three constitutional sources:
Article I, Section 8, Clause 19
"...To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court;"
Article III, Section 1
The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.
Article III, Section 2
"...In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions, and under such regulations as the Congress shall make."
the president
The President, but he (or she) must have the consent of the Senate, which votes whether to accept or reject the nominee. If a simple majority (51% of those voting) affirms the President's choice, the nominee is appointed and becomes a US Supreme Court justice
the Senate
The president nominates a candidate for the position of Supreme Court justice. However, the US Senate must ratify the nomination before that person is sworn-in. Therefore, it is the Senate that holds the power, but the president is a part of the process.
Supreme Court justices in the United States are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The President typically selects a nominee based on their legal qualifications, ideology, and potential impact on the court. After nomination, the Senate Judiciary Committee holds confirmation hearings to evaluate the nominee's qualifications and vote on whether to recommend them to the full Senate. If confirmed by a majority vote in the Senate, the nominee becomes a Supreme Court justice.
No, the state supreme courts only interpret policy for legislation or the constitution specific to the state over which it presides. The state supreme court is the final arbiter on those issues. On questions of Federal and constitutional law, the Supreme Court of the United States holds more authority.
A Supreme Court justice holds their position for life, unless they voluntarily retire or are impeached and removed from office. The Constitution does not specify a term limit for Supreme Court justices.
Currently there are 20 female chief justices and 30 male chief justices. There are a few factors that might cause a slight difference in the answers such as state(s) that currently have a temporary chief justice or states that use a different court such as the court of appeals as their highest court. Or like NY that has a supreme court for each district. In any case the answer is whoever holds the highest judicial position for their state.
First a president nominates a candidate for supreme court justice and then the senate holds hearings and decide whether or not to confirm the nominee. How quickly a candidate gets confirmed depends on how lengthy the confirmation hearings last and how long it takes to bring the notion to a vote. Once a candidate is confirmed, they are soon sworn in and are then supreme court justices.
fedral court congress goverment supreme court
The US Supreme Court has had many homes over the years, but as of 1935, its permanent location is in the Supreme Court building, on One First Street Northeast, Washington, DC. The four-story building holds the official Courtroom, Justice chambers, law library, meeting rooms, workshop space, stores, cafeteria and gym.The building was remodeled in early 2009 to update its security system, which will end public access via the impressive front facade.
The Supreme Court holds the highest jurisdiction in the Judicial Branch of government.
Arizona has 41 Superior Courts spread across its 15 counties. Maricopa County has the most at 10. For more information on the Arizona state court system, including a directory of superior, justice and municipal courts, visit the Arizona Courts Guide related link.