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The 13th Amendment to the Constitution ended slavery- but that's all it did. Slaves were considered property- they were owned, just like you own a car, a house, or a chair. They were rarely ever taught how to read or write, and because they were owned, they generally didn't own anything.

So then, on December 18th, 1865, slavery was abolished by the 13th Amendment. These people who previously had nothing were suddenly free. They still had nothing and still couldn't read or write. So poll taxes and literacy tests were easy ways to prevent these newly freed black people from voting.

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How did the poll tax grandfather clause and literacy test effect African Americans in the south?

The poll tax, grandfather clause, and literacy tests were discriminatory measures used in the South to disenfranchise African Americans after the Reconstruction era. The poll tax required individuals to pay a fee to vote, which many African Americans could not afford. The grandfather clause allowed those who had the right to vote before the Civil War to bypass these restrictions, effectively excluding African Americans. Literacy tests, often unfairly administered, further hindered their ability to register and participate in elections, reinforcing systemic racism and limiting their political power.


What group of people could not hold public office during reconstruction?

former enslaved African Americans


How did education for African Americans change during reconstruction?

The Reconstruction Era occurs right after the Civil War, which along with freedom already provides changes to African Americans. Because of this, African Americans were no longer slaves and could perform in practices of business, such as sharecropping. Basically, it opened a range of new opportunities to African Americans.


What was Liberia Fever?

It was the desire for African Americans to return to Africa after reconstruction when they could not find civil rights and justice.


What did the Tirteenth Amendment to the Constitution accomplish?

What kept some African Americans who could read and write from passing literacy test?


How Many African Americans elected to office during reconstruction felt a special pressure to?

prove they could succeed in politics


What did grandfather clauses mean to African Americans who wanted to vote?

They could not vote if their grandfather had not been allowed to vote.


Many African Americans elected to office during reconstruction felt special pressure to what?

Prove they could succeed in politics.


Was African Americans elected to the state legislative of South Carolina and Mississippi during reconstruction?

No. They could vote let alone run for office.


Who kept some African Americans who could read and write from passing literacy tests?

The test they had to take was extremely difficult.


What kept African Americans who could read and write from passing literacy tests?

he test they had to take was extremely difficult.


3 ways in which African Americans were discriminated against during the post reconstruction era?

African Americans faced widespread segregation and Jim Crow laws, which enforced racial segregation in public facilities such as schools, transportation, and restaurants. They were subjected to separate and inferior facilities and services compared to white Americans. African Americans were also often denied their voting rights through measures such as poll taxes, literacy tests, and intimidation tactics. This disenfranchisement suppressed their political power and prevented them from participating fully in the democratic process. African Americans were subjected to widespread racial violence and lynching, particularly in the southern states. They were targeted for asserting their rights or challenging white supremacy, leading to a climate of fear and control that further marginalized and oppressed the African American community.