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Endoderm: (most internal germ layer) gives rise to the lining of the digestive tract and the organs derived from it, such as the liver and lungs of vertebrates.

Mesoderm: (middle germ layer) forms muscle, the skeletal system, and the circulatory system.

Ectoderm: (most exterior germ layer) gives rise to the outer covering and, in some phyla, to the central nervous system.

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