Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to make blood clots, leading to excessive bleeding. It is typically caused by a deficiency in specific clotting factors, most commonly factor VIII (Hemophilia A) or factor IX (Hemophilia B). This condition is inherited, primarily affecting males, and can result in spontaneous bleeding or prolonged bleeding after injury or surgery. Treatment usually involves replacement therapy with the missing clotting factors to manage and prevent bleeding episodes.