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The vibrant colors of red, orange, yellow, brown, and purple in fall leaves result from the breakdown of chlorophyll, the green pigment responsible for photosynthesis. As days shorten and temperatures drop, chlorophyll production slows and eventually stops, revealing other pigments in the leaves. Carotenoids produce yellow and orange hues, while anthocyanins create red and purple shades, often formed in response to sunlight and cooler temperatures. The combination of these pigments, along with the remaining chlorophyll, creates the stunning fall foliage we admire.

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1w ago

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