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The Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire was facilitated by several key factors, including the use of advanced military technology, such as firearms and steel weapons, which gave them a significant advantage in battles. Additionally, Spanish conquistadors, led by Hernán Cortés, formed alliances with various indigenous groups who were discontent with Aztec rule, which bolstered their forces. The spread of diseases like smallpox, to which the Aztecs had no immunity, also decimated the indigenous population and weakened their society. Together, these elements allowed a relatively small number of Spaniards to overcome a powerful empire.

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