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In correction to someone else's claim, the average foot soldier ranged from 5'0 sometimes shorter to much taller. Excavations show the average height of a Roman male being around 5'5-ish, but what size samples are these? Some narcissistic emperors tried to recruit legions with a minimum height. Sometimes emperors used taller ethnicities as bodyguards for personal protection. They were kept with a watchful eye, but useful to intimidate smaller latins.

Throughout the duration of the empire terms of service were constantly changed depending on the general, emperor, and legion. For example, some legions revolted after the Varian war and Augustus's death demanding to reduce the minimum time to 16 years and to receive higher pay. The ring leaders were executed under Germanicus. Under different times, and trials of the empire the terms of service were both extended and contracted. Early Roman Republic legions were largely levied, and disbanded after their use. Forced conscription was seen throughout the tenure of ancient Rome, and mostly done on the basis of age. Sometimes, latin, military-aged males were in such shortage that emperors killed a fraction of the population divided into 'lots' to force volunteers before having to forcibly conscript.

Good sources are Casius Dio, Josephus, Tacitus, and Vegitius, but none should be taken as 'truth' as like any ancient historian their perspectives are very different and they may come from far off places with little such perpsective, and much embellishment of the true nature of events; if they had any truth at all. Dio, and Tacitus are very good.

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