During the 500s B.C., a group of people called the Persians swept across southwest Asia. The Persians defeated the Chaldeans and took over Babylon. In 538 B.C. the Persian King Cyrus permitted Jews to return to Judah.
All Greek city-states had to protect themselves from their neighbours - they were a predatory people. And when the Persian threat emerged, they had to choose between submitting to Persian rule or joining a confederation to oppose invasion. The opposing group was led by Sparta, and after it was removed, the Greek cities went back to fighting each other. Athens tried for dominance and was defeated by the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. Then Thebes, originally a Persian ally, took over from Sparta, and in turn all the city-states were dominated by Macedonia.
It depends what you mean by "The Persian Empire". There were many. Here is a list of some of the main ones: Median Empire(728-549 BCE)- Overthrown in 549 BCE by the leader of a new group arriving on the Iranian Plateau: Cyrus the Great. Achaemenid Empire(549-330 BCE)- The world's first superpower and empire; Overthrown by Alexander the Great of Macedonia in 330 BCE Seleucid Empire(312-63 BCE)- Founded by a military general of Alexander the Great after his death. In this society, Greek was the language of law and profession. Parthian Empire(247 BCE- 224 CE)- Formed after a Persian leader rebelled against the Greco-Seleucid government. Fought many wars against the Roman Empire and managed to withstand nearly all attacks. Once this empire took the Roman emperor prisoner and skinned him alive, keeping his stuff body in the Royal Parthian Palace. Sassanid Empire(224- 671 CE)- Founded after the Parthians were overthrown. This empire fought against Byzantine and was the last Zoroastrian Persian Empire. This one ended when the Arab tribes of the Arabian Peninsula invaded and forced everybody to convert to Islam, although much of the time people were just pretending to be Muslim in order to not be executed. After these 5 ancient empires, the Arab caliphates ruled Persia until roughly
the group that built the empire is the Aztec.
We have reliable historians who have recorded this to be so, but not in quite the romantic way depicted in some accounts and movies. The 300 were the bodyguard of King Leonidas of Sparta. As the invading Persians had a strong amphibious capability which threatened the Greek cities, the cities all kept their main armies back for home defence, including Sparta. So Leonidas took this bodyguard, plus a couple of thousand serfs owned by them as light infantry, to Thermopylai to help the other city contingents hold the pass and force a sea battle in the adjacent strait, in an attempt to cripple the Persian naval forces, and so get rid of the amphibious threat. The sea battle at Artemesion was a failure, and so the sacrifice was in vain. A second sea battle at Salamis, off Athens, was successful, and with the amphibious threat gone, the cities sent their full armies to Plataia the following spring and defeated the Persian land forces and their Greek allies, ending the Persian invasion.
The group of Greek city-states were no trying to control Greece - they were defending it from Persian invasion. After the Persian invasion was turned back, the Greek cities within the Persian Empire in Asia Minor formed the Delian League to protect themselves from the Persians re-establishing control of them.
There was no Phoenician empire - it was a group of independent city-states based in the Levant. They were taken over by the Persian Empire, and later the Roman Empire.
Athens converted the Delian League, which it had led against the Persian Empire, into an empire of its own.
The Macedonian empire.
The Ottoman Dynasty eventually conquered the empire established by the Seljuk Turks
they rebelled against the Romans and defeated them in A.D. 378 at the battle of AdrianopleThe visigoths were a group of people from Central Europe in about the 5th century AD. They disrupted and eventually brought down the Roman Empire.
they rebelled against the Romans and defeated them in A.D. 378 at the battle of AdrianopleThe visigoths were a group of people from Central Europe in about the 5th century AD. They disrupted and eventually brought down the Roman Empire.
First, it was brought within the Persian Empire. It was then taken over by Alexander the Great when he captured the Persian Empire. It then became part of the kingdom set up by Alexander's general Seleucis, and then was taken into the Roman Empire.
That means the same group never stays in power forever; they are eventually defeated.
On one side, the persian Empire. On the othr, a group of Greek city-states of varying numbers during the 50 years of the war, varying from 20 to 180.
Mesopotamia came under the control progressively of the Assyrian Empire, the Babylonian Empire, the Persian Empire, the Macedonian Empire, the Roman Empire, etc etc up to today's Iraq. All the rest of the world did not occupy Macedonia.
During the 500s B.C., a group of people called the Persians swept across southwest Asia. The Persians defeated the Chaldeans and took over Babylon. In 538 B.C. the Persian King Cyrus permitted Jews to return to Judah.