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The old city of Baghdad, founded in the 8th century, served as a major cultural and intellectual center during the Islamic Golden Age. However, it suffered significant destruction during the Mongol invasion in 1258, which led to a decline in its prominence. In the following centuries, the city experienced periods of rebuilding and decline, ultimately facing further devastation during the Iraq War in the early 2000s. Today, while some historical sites remain, much of the old city's heritage has been lost or damaged due to conflict and urban development.

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What is old name of Baghdad?

The old name of Baghdad was "Madinat al-Salam," which translates to "City of Peace." Founded in the 8th century during the Abbasid Caliphate, it became a major cultural, commercial, and intellectual center of the Islamic world. The city's strategic location contributed to its growth and significance throughout history.


What happened to Baghdad in 1258?

In 1258, Baghdad was besieged and captured by the Mongol Empire under the command of Hulagu Khan. This event marked the end of the Islamic Golden Age and led to the destruction of the city, which was then a major cultural and intellectual center. The Mongols looted Baghdad, killed many of its inhabitants, and destroyed significant cultural and historical landmarks, including the House of Wisdom. The fall of Baghdad had profound implications for the Islamic world and marked a significant turning point in history.


What ancient city lies 156 miles southeast of Baghdad?

The ancient city that lies 156 miles southeast of Baghdad is Ur. Ur was a significant Sumerian city-state in ancient Mesopotamia, known for its impressive ziggurat and as a major center of culture and trade. It is often associated with the biblical figure Abraham and is located near the modern city of Nasiriyah in Iraq.


What was Baghdad called during the Abbasid Dynasty?

During the Abbasid Dynasty, Baghdad was often referred to as "Madinat al-Salam," which translates to "City of Peace." Established in 762 AD, it became the capital and a major center of learning, culture, and trade in the Islamic world. The city was renowned for its architectural beauty and the House of Wisdom, where scholars from various cultures gathered to advance knowledge. Baghdad flourished as a hub of intellectual and artistic activity during the Abbasid era.


Why was Baghdad circular in ancient times?

The ancient Indian epic, the Ramayana, mentions a city located towards the West of India, after crossing a sea (Arabian) and a couple of mountain ranges. The city was circular "shaped like a wheel with a thousand (many) spokes". The city was made by a celestial architect by the name Vishvakarma. The name of the City was 'Chakra-van'. The Ramayana describes the route from India right up to what is probably the Zagros range in Iran & Iraq. Whether Baghdad was made on the ruins of the more ancient, way more ancient Chakravan is not known but there definitely was a perfectly circular city somewhere in the Zagros range as per the Ramayana. The 'Ramayana' is at least 7000 year old, if not older.