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The old city of Baghdad, founded in the 8th century, served as a major cultural and intellectual center during the Islamic Golden Age. However, it suffered significant destruction during the Mongol invasion in 1258, which led to a decline in its prominence. In the following centuries, the city experienced periods of rebuilding and decline, ultimately facing further devastation during the Iraq War in the early 2000s. Today, while some historical sites remain, much of the old city's heritage has been lost or damaged due to conflict and urban development.

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What is old name of Baghdad?

The old name of Baghdad was "Madinat al-Salam," which translates to "City of Peace." Founded in the 8th century during the Abbasid Caliphate, it became a major cultural, commercial, and intellectual center of the Islamic world. The city's strategic location contributed to its growth and significance throughout history.


What happened to Baghdad in 1258?

In 1258, Baghdad was besieged and captured by the Mongol Empire under the command of Hulagu Khan. This event marked the end of the Islamic Golden Age and led to the destruction of the city, which was then a major cultural and intellectual center. The Mongols looted Baghdad, killed many of its inhabitants, and destroyed significant cultural and historical landmarks, including the House of Wisdom. The fall of Baghdad had profound implications for the Islamic world and marked a significant turning point in history.


Why was Baghdad circular in ancient times?

The ancient Indian epic, the Ramayana, mentions a city located towards the West of India, after crossing a sea (Arabian) and a couple of mountain ranges. The city was circular "shaped like a wheel with a thousand (many) spokes". The city was made by a celestial architect by the name Vishvakarma. The name of the City was 'Chakra-van'. The Ramayana describes the route from India right up to what is probably the Zagros range in Iran & Iraq. Whether Baghdad was made on the ruins of the more ancient, way more ancient Chakravan is not known but there definitely was a perfectly circular city somewhere in the Zagros range as per the Ramayana. The 'Ramayana' is at least 7000 year old, if not older.


How was Baghdad like in the early 800's?

In the early 800s, Baghdad was a thriving center of culture, commerce, and scholarship, established as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. The city was characterized by its impressive architecture, including the iconic Round City, and became a hub for intellectuals, scientists, and artists. It hosted the House of Wisdom, where scholars translated and preserved knowledge from various cultures, significantly contributing to the Golden Age of Islam. Baghdad's vibrant markets and diverse population further enhanced its status as a leading metropolis of the medieval world.


What buildings were in ancient Baghdad?

Ancient Baghdad, founded in the 8th century, was notable for its impressive architectural structures, including the Round City, which housed the Caliph's palace and administrative buildings. The city also featured the House of Wisdom, a major intellectual center where scholars translated and preserved knowledge. Additionally, mosques, markets, and residential areas surrounded these key buildings, reflecting the vibrant cultural and economic life of the Abbasid Caliphate.