Magadha dynasties (c. 1700 BC - 550 AD)
The water way was the Ganges River
Magadha became a powerful kingdom through a combination of strategic geography, strong leadership, and military conquests. Its location in the fertile Gangetic plains provided agricultural abundance, which supported a growing population and economy. Key rulers, such as Bimbisara and Ajatashatru, expanded the kingdom through warfare and alliances, enabling Magadha to dominate neighboring regions. The establishment of a centralized administration also contributed to its political stability and influence during the Maurya and Gupta empires.
Isfahan became the capital of Persia during the Safavid dynasty in the early 16th century, specifically under Shah Abbas I, who reigned from 1588 to 1629. He transformed the city into a cultural and political center, leading to a period of significant architectural and artistic development. Isfahan remained the capital until the fall of the Safavid dynasty in the early 18th century.
The first major city in Mesoamerica was Teotihuacan. It was the capital of an early kingdom that arose around 250 BC and collapsed about AD 800.
the modern name of patliputra is Patna
In ancient times Magadha was an important city of India because it was the centre of cultural change. The kings who ruled Magadha in the 7th century BC were enterprising. It was the seat of the Brihadratha dynasty, Pradyota dynasty, Shishunaga dynasty, Nanda Dynasty, Maurya Empire, Shunga Dynasty, Kanva Dynasty and the Gupta dynasty. Magadha formed one of the sixteen Mahajanapadas or regions in ancient India. Magadha covers the portion of Bihar lying south of the Ganges, with its capital at Rajgir. With the conquest of Licchavi and Anga, the kingdom of Magadha expanded to include Bihar and Bengal. The capital of Magadha was Rajgriha but in the later ages the capital of Magadha was Pataliputra. Location of Magadha Magadha was situated in the eastern division of the nine portions into which the sub-continent of India was divided. Magadha was bounded by the Ganges on the north, by the district of Varanasi on the west, by Hiranyaparvata or Monghyr on the east, and by Kirana Supavana or Singhbhum on the south. Magadha was a narrow strip of country of some considerable length from north to south, and of an area greater than that of Kosala. Just as Kosala corresponded very nearly to the present province of Oudh, but was somewhat larger, so Magadha corresponded at the time of Lord Buddha to the modern district of Patna, but with the addition of the northern half of the modern district of Gaya. The inhabitants of this region used to call it Maga, a name doubtless derived from Magadha.
Several reasons account for the rise and growth of the Magadhan Empire, in the first place the emperors who ascended the throne of Magadha from the time of Bimbisara were mostly conquerors. This policy of conquest continued till the time of the Kalinga war under Asoka's regime. Secondly, many emperors of Magadha extended the empire not merely by conquest. They acquired territories by matrimonial alliances. For example, Bimbisara, his son Ajatasatru and others obtained territories through matrimonial relationship. This was one of the important factors that led to the expansion of Magadha. Thirdly, Magadha had other advantages too. Geographically, it was located in a position where their had been richest iron deposits. With the help of iron Magadha could produce weapons for war. Also iron implements were helpfii) to increase agricultural products. Fourthly, the capital of Magadha, first at Rajgir and then shifted to Pataliputra were both situated at very strategic points. It was difficult for the invaders to do any harm to the Magadha and its capital Fifthly, the military organization of Magadha was also very strong. The largescale use of elephants was helpful in storming fortresses. Sixthly, it has been pointed out by Professor R.S.Shanna that the unorthodox character of the Magadhan society showed much enthusiasm for expansion. These are the reasons why Magadha was successful in building up an empire. Brihadratha has been referred to in the Mahabharata as the founder of the kingdom of Magadha. But historically Bimbisara is known to be the first important king of Magadha.
The Kingdom of Magadha lasted for about 179 years, from 500 BC to 321 BC.
Ancient Patna also known as Pataliputra was the capital city of the Magadha Empire under the dynasties of Nanda, Mauryan, Sunga, Gupta and Pala.
Haryanka Dynasty
monarchy
Goehtonyo Meliky
Bimbisara
In the north India Bihar
The king of Magadha.
Sungus