Epictetus was a Greek Stoic philosopher born around 55 AD in Phrygia, who became one of the most influential figures in Stoicism. His teachings emphasized the importance of personal responsibility, the distinction between what is within our control and what is not, and the pursuit of virtue as the highest good. Much of what we know about him comes from the writings of his student Arrian, particularly the "Discourses" and the "Enchiridion," which outline his philosophical ideas and practical guidance for living a virtuous life. Epictetus's thoughts have continued to resonate through the ages, influencing both ancient and modern philosophy.