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The Iydians, more commonly known as the Ionians, were an ancient Greek people who inhabited the central coastal region of Anatolia, particularly around the Aegean Sea. They were known for their contributions to philosophy, science, and the arts, with notable figures such as Thales and Heraclitus emerging from this cultural group. The Ionians played a significant role in the development of Greek city-states, especially during the period of colonization and trade expansion in the 8th and 7th centuries BCE. Their dialect of Greek, also called Ionian, was influential in the literature of the time, particularly in the works of Homer.

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