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The three main types of chromosomal aberrations are deletions, duplications, and translocations. Deletions involve the loss of a segment of a chromosome, which can lead to gene loss and associated disorders. Duplications entail the presence of an extra segment of a chromosome, resulting in gene redundancy that may disrupt normal function. Translocations occur when a segment of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome, potentially leading to genetic imbalances and various diseases, including cancer.

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